Refugee Important Quotes 1. Change), You are commenting using your Facebook account. It has received positive reviews that praised its style and historical accuracy. Other children darted in and out among the adults, laughing and chasing each other into the alleys of tents off the main drag. Isabel laughed so hard her stomach hurt. Gratz is a decorated author, having won numerous awards and appearing at #1 on the New York Times bestselling author for his books. Izzat so? the fisherman said. The shadows tore down pictures, pulled drawers from their bureaus, and flung clothing everywhere. Josef didnt want to leave. Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and more. A sign that they would eventually get to America. -Graham S. The president and prime minister of Cuba during the period of, Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. Mahmoud is 12 years old and lives with his father Youssef, mother Fatima, 10-year-old brother Waleed, and baby sister Hana in Aleppo, Syria. Fidel Castro was an old man with liver spots on his forehead, gray hair, a big bushy gray beard, and bags under his eyes. I cant fall out of the boat, because I have already fallen for this princess of the sea! he said. If he was caught again by the police, hed be sent back to prisonand this time they might not let him out. He uses this skill daily, finding a new route home from school each day to keep himself and his little brother Waleed safe. Isabel stood for what seemed like hours, her insides churning like a waterspout. Someone was in the house! Who is the main character in the book Refugee? But they werent in Cuba anymore, were they? What nation and city had Mahmoud and his family been waiting in line to enter? Isabel Fernandez is 11 years old in 1994, growing up in Havana, Cuba, under Fidel Castros communist regime. Sometimes it was the back alleys; there could be fighters in the streets, who were always targets for the opposition. This wasnt what the tourists had paid for. Bishar al-Assad. Chabela, come on! Mami was already in the boat, and Papi was helping Ivn in. People rushed out of the side streets. At the front of the ship are Youssef and Waleed. Ill be a man soon enough, Josef told them. The shadows grabbed them again and dragged them into the living room. Mahmoud started his journey in Turkey, where, like so many others, he was smuggled to Greece in a rubber boat. Amara, she said. One group is handing out diapers. Good and bad things happened either way. Mahmoud and his parents soon become exhausted, trying desperately to hold the two young children above the water. A pistol rang out again over the waves, and the crowd on the beach cried out in panic. The family takes another taxi to try to reach Hungary. Mahmoud Bishara. Give us the whole sum of money! The trick was to be invisible. But the only people who could afford to give her pesos were the tourists visitors from Canada or Europe or Mexico. Tomorrow, hed told Mahmouds father. It follows Josef Landau, a German Jew in the 1930s, who tries to escape Germany to Cuba, Isabel Fernandez, a Cuban girl in 1994, who tries to escape Cuba's hunger crisis following the dissolution of the Soviet Union to the US, and Mahmoud Bishara, a Syrian youth in 2015 whose house gets destroyed by a missile and whose family decides to seek asylum in Germany. His heart was pounding so hard he thought it would burst right out of his chest, but Mahmoud found the courage to grab Waleed by the arm, drag him over the seat, and dive headfirst out the door. Hikaru UtadaKINGDOM HEARTS - III, II.8, Unchained & Union (. Cuba might decide shes full-up with Jews when we get there and turn us away. Josef looked out to sea. The boat! Papi called. Aaron Landau, one of the Brownshirts said to Josefs father, you have continued to practice law despite the fact that Jews are forbidden to do so under the Civil Service Restoration Act of 1933. Teacher Editions with classroom activities for all 1699 titles we cover. Ivn plopped to the dusty ground beside Isabel. Isabel shook her head. Mahmouds mother broke down in tears, and his father let the life jackets he carried drop to the ground. We didnt want to leave our homes! another man yelled. Refugee is a historical fiction novel written in 2017 that weaves together three compelling stories of families seeking sanctuary in other countries. Please! Mahmoud cried. On the train, Josef and his family sat in a compartment labeled J, for Jew, so no real Germans would sit there by accident. Ruthie had been born the year Adolf Hitler was elected chancellor of Germany. Our, "Sooo much more helpful thanSparkNotes. Castro condemned the violence that had broken out on the Malecn, blaming it on US agents. He understands that being unnoticed helps him avoid trouble, but he also begins to see the problems with remaining invisible, because it prevents good people from taking notice of them and providing aid. In order to survive, Mahmoud learned to stay invisible. Ivn and Luis father, as well as Seora Castillos spouse, is Seora Castillo. Ruth woke up and screamed. Josef took a seat in the section with the men. Alan Gratz the front cover. The only sound was the soft crack of a bat and the roar of the crowd on the television. Also, it is asked, How does Mahmoud travel to Germany? Whether you were visible or invisible, it was all about how other people reacted to you. It was a trick he and Klaus had played on Herr Meier once upon a time. Nobody would tell her anything, and Josef began to despair that he would never see his father again. There werent any left. He thrashed in the rubble, panicking. Each floor had a living room and a kitchen just like theirs, all decorated differently. Thank God youre safe! he told her. Its not safe here. But, more than a teacher, I am a learner! Where are Waleed and Hana? his father asked. Instant PDF downloads. But these police werent doing anything. Wouldnt want to be him for all the sugar in Cuba. Josef backed away. PDF downloads of all 1699 LitCharts literature guides, and of every new one we publish. Try as she might, she had never heard it, never felt it. He recalls, We barely made it, the boat sunk, and many people perished. Mahmoud arrived on a barren Greek island, where he was picked up by another boat. They needed a place to hide from Hitler. Oh, and you have to take the kitten too. She held the wiggling creature out to him, but the old fisherman just stared at it. Through the huge hole that used to be the wall of his apartment, Mahmoud saw gray-white clouds from missile strikes blooming all around. Isabels father pitched across the roiling boat and grabbed Seor Castillo by the shirt. The lights of Havana had faded to a speck on the horizon behind them, and they had left all the other boats behind. He leaped to his feet, grabbed the arm of one of the men carrying his father, and tried to pull him off. Dont move! Mahmoud cried. The world was a whirlwind of bricks and broken dishes and table legs and heat, and Mahmoud slammed into a cabinet. The way the content is organized, LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in, Injustice and Cruelty vs. At last! That voice, thought Josef. She hadnt had much time to even imagine it. Still cant hear it, Chabela? Lito asked. The fisherman came to his door, licking his fingers and frowning. Hed already forgotten about the stalls in the womens bathroom. Josef: Just outside Havana Harbor1939 Isabel: Somewhere between the Bahamas and Florida1994 Mahmoud: Lesbos, Greece, to Athens, Greece2015 Josef: Just outside Havana Harbor1939 Isabel: Somewhere between the Bahamas and Florida1994 Mahmoud: Macedonia to Serbia2015 Josef: Off the American Coast1939 Isabel: Off the Coast of Florida1994 Mahmoud: Serbia to Hungary2015 Josef: Somewhere on the Atlantic Ocean1939 Isabel: Off the Coast of Florida1994 Mahmoud: Hungary2015 Josef: Antwerp, Belgium1939 Isabel: Off the Coast of Florida1994 Mahmoud: Hungary2015 Josef: Vornay, France1940 Isabel: Miami Beach, Florida1994 Mahmoud: Hungary to Germany2015 Isabel: Miami, Florida1994 Mahmoud: Berlin, Germany2015 Maps Authors Note Acknowledgments About the Author Sneak Peek at Projekt 1065 Sneak Peek at Grenade Also by Alan Gratz Copyright I want to be able to choose who I vote for, Luis said. Isabel listened as everyone listed more and more things they were looking forward to in the States. Instant downloads of all 1699 LitChart PDFs Contribute to chinapedia/wikipedia.en development by creating an account on GitHub. Assad and the Syrian army? They pluck Mahmoud and, Mahmoud: Lesbos, Greece, to Athens, Greece 2015, 12 days from home (3). Mahmoud, wheres your mother? Its fine. She let him hug her, even though she still held her hands across her chest as if to ward him off. Josef shuddered. Their mother would pray by herself in her bedroom. Josef couldnt speak. His brother. The residence of her family. the crossing from Turkey. All the station attendants and other passengers gave them a wide berth, flowing around them like water around a stone. Start the engine! he cried. He and his mother and sister would be put off the train, maybe even sent to a concentration camp. Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. But as relieved as he was, he knew they still had so very far to go. Mahmoud didnt have any friends. Please, Isabel begged. It all came flooding back to him nowswaying and humming along with the prayers, craning his neck to see the Torah when it was taken out of the ark and hoping to get a chance to touch it and then kiss his fingers as the scroll came around in a procession. Complete your free account to access notes and highlights. The German train car didnt feel any different than the Jewish car. Mahmoud, Waleed, Youssef, and Fatima reside at a Munich school for four weeks until a host family offers to let them share their house with them. More importantly, we have our lives. It was a marriage procession, Mahmoud realized. He has one brother one baby sister and a mom and dad. Ivn! his father called from next door. She finally had a signal, and got Google Maps to open on her iPhone. Isabel had caught him at dinner. A fist closed around Josefs heart, and he dove for the armband. If you were invisible, the bad people couldn't hurt you, that was true. Soon the sisters ran back outside, hanging on to each other with laughter. Mahmoud has already had much experience dealing with the trauma of war, as the Syrian Civil War has already been raging for four years at the beginning of Mahmouds story. Renata and Evelyne burst into laughter. Mahmoud was just starting a new equation when he heard a sound over the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles theme song. Not everyone did it anymore, but to Lito it was like an art form. No police cars or emergency crews hurried to the scene. Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 6 days, Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 8 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 10 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 11 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (3), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 14 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (4), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 17 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 2 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (1), Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (2), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 4 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Lesbos to Athens 2015, 12 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Mahmoud: Macedonia to Serbia 2015, 14-15 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Serbia to Hungary 2015, 15-16 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (3), Josef: Vornay, France 1940, 1 year, 1 month, 10 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (4), Mahmoud: Hungary to Germany 2015, 17 days. Teachers and parents! Everywhere around them, people fled into the streets, covered in gray dust and blood. In the Turkish refugee camp, what does Mahmoud buy his brother? His breath came quick and deep, and his hands clenched into fists. Beyond the next door was the German part of the train. Instant PDF downloads. When Syria rioted, their leader Bashar al-Assad turned against his own people and has warred against them ever since. little white buildings. In the second it took for the sound to grow from a breeze to a tornado, Mahmoud dropped his pencil, put his hands to his ears, and threw himself under the kitchen table. The entire outside wall of Mahmouds apartment was gone. More ships full of refugees? Mahmoud is doing homework, stopping briefly at prayer time, when a bomb hits their building. Without the maps, theyd be lost. Mahmoud Bishara is leaving Syria during the volatile regime of Bashar al-Assad in 2015. . But Josef and his mother and sister werent going anywhere. Mahmoud bishara lives in Aleppo, Syria in the year 2015. I found a bit of dead fish on the beach for the cat. Isabel recoiled at the smell, but the kitten came running back, eating greedily from Ivns hand. It is revealed at the conclusion of the novel that Lito was Mariano Padron, the Cuban officer who rescued Josefs father, Aaron, when he jumped into the ocean decades before. Mahmoud Bishara, 12, lives in Aleppo, Syria, in 2015. What if they follow us? All Isabel could see was the metal side of the boat in front of her face, but she heard a commotion behind her. Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. But now? on her iPhone. Hurry! Papa said. the place feels mournful, as many people here lost someone in the crossing from Turkey. No, we dont, Seor Castillo said. Seora Castillo, Ivns mother, was dark-skinned and curvy, and wore a white kerchief over her dreadlocks. Evelyne and Renata were the genuine names of two sisters who came on the St. Louis, and they were the only ones permitted to disembark in Cuba since their father already resided there and had significant relations to the local authorities. Were refugees! Mahmoud yelled, unable to stay silent any longer. Refugee by Alan Gratz (18) Mahmouds story gives a horrifying glimpse of the lives of 22 million people right now. PDF downloads of all 1699 LitCharts literature guides, and of every new one we publish. Josefs breath caught in his throat and Ruthie cried out and buried her face in Josefs stomach as their papa pulled the two of them into a hug. Three. Josef wasnt ready. In Hungary, the family is about to be deported back to Syria when Mahmoud leads a refugee march out of the detention center. Youre Mariano Padrons granddaughter, arent you? the fisherman said. Isabel loved tagging along on trips into Havana to stand on a street corner and play her trumpet for pesos. When the Fernandezes and Castillos are caught in a storm on their journey to Miami, Seor Castillo is flung into the ocean, and Isabel jumps in to save him, demonstrating Isabels incredible maturity. Struggling with distance learning? Well let you in maana. Josef couldnt wait for his bar mitzvah. This blog is an opportunity for me to explore topics through books! Only the TV wasnt there anymore. mother and brother and sister walked on. The Americans had a new policy everyone called Wet Foot, Dry Foot. If Cuban refugees were caught at sea with wet feet, they were sent to the US naval base at Guantanamo Bay, at the southern end of Cuba. A new life. His teacher, Herr Meier, had called him to the front of the room. Is it enough? Isabel asked. Some of them wore regular clothes: white shirts with the sleeves rolled up, gray slacks, brown wool caps, leather work boots. Head down, hoodie up, eyes on the ground. CRACK! My family was killed in an airstrike, one of the soldiers said. What was the name of the ship that Josef traveled on to move to Cuba? Then, Mahmoud and, Mahmoud: Somewhere on the Mediterranean Sea 2015, 11 days from home (2), the bottom of the sea, and says a funeral prayer for him. WaleedWaleed, are you okay? Mahmoud asked, turning him around. Mahmoud froze. The man behind the steering wheel honked his horn and took the cigar out of his mouth to yell at her. What would the United States be like? man wouldnt be talking and laughing with him. He had done everything he could to avoid the Hitler Youth ever since, but now hed handed himself right over to oneand all because hed taken off his armband to walk around a train and buy a newspaper! Amiel The connection between Isabel and Josef's story is that Lito was the police officer who jumped off of the U.S St. Louis to save Josef's father when he tried to commit suicide. Bullets whizzed by, then caught the car againping-ping-pingand Mahmouds dad threw open the drivers-side door and pulled Mom and Hana out with him. Waleed didnt know it, but hed saved the day. She wont take up any room!, Instant downloads of all 1699 LitChart PDFs Im just doing my job.. -Graham S. Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. Tell me something I dont know, Seor Castillo said. Angry and desperate, hundreds of refugees begin to riot and try to push through the fence. Mahmoud is 13 years old in 2015, and lives in Aleppo, Syria with his father Youssef, his mother Fatima, his 10-year-old brother Waleed, and his infant sister Hana. How Do Travel Nurses Get Health Insurance? They were men, mostly, many of them shirtless in the hundred-degree August heat, their white and brown and black backs glistening in the sun. Instant PDF downloads. And so, until there is a speedy and efficient solution, we are suspending all obstacles so that those who wish to leave Cuba may do so legally, once and for all. They didnt call it that then. They collapsed behind one of the lifeboats, panting and giggling. Shelves full of food at the store, Seora Castillo said. She panicked, her worst fears come true, and suddenly a blinding light lit her up. Isabel shook her head, convinced she was hearing things, and put her lips back to her trumpet. Hush, Ruthie. Mahmoud is a twelve-year-old boy "with a long, strong nose, thick black eyebrows, and short-cropped black hair" (12). At least take my sister! Mahmoud begged. Finally, the boat is actually there! Each time they stop, Mahmouds mother searches frantically among the other refugees, looking for baby Hana. The boy reached down, palmed the armband, and took Josef by the arm. It will be expensive, but we can pay. I wish I was your favorite song, he told Amara, so I could be on your lips forever. Your hijab, Dad said. She was terrified since her worst worries had come true, and then a dazzling light blinded her. Getting noticed by the Syrian army or the rebels fighting them, he knows, is "just inviting trouble." When the bell rings in school, Mahmoud finds his 10-year-old brother Waleed to walk him home. I am a college student studying to be an elementary school teacher. Complete your free account to access notes and highlights, They only see us when we do something they dont want us to do. The war had made Mahmoud nervous. Russia, Iran, and Sunni Muslims are allied to Al-Assad and they are fighting the rebels who are backed by Turkey, the Gulf Arab States, Jordan, and partially the USA. I needed something big and thick for the bottom of the boat, he said. She was barefoot as usual and dressed in a tank top and shorts. There were people on the beach! The ship was called the MS St. Louis. Creating notes and highlights requires a free LitCharts account. No sirens rang. Mahmoud screamed again and pushed the man away as the car skidded to a stop. like a bomb exploding, and Mahmoud went tumbling into the sea.. Isabel knew that, because her own father had tried and had been thrown in jail for a year. One of the girls had found a long piece of string and was dangling it over the side, tickling the noses of passengers who were sleeping in chairs down on A-deck. And back again. Isabels heart soared, and she hopped up and down. She dropped to her knees and pulled them both into a hug. Isabel turned, holding a hand up in front of her eyes and expecting to see a police searchlight shining on her. Advertisement. Isabel sipped from a bottle of soda. They called it Kristallnacht, the Night of Broken Glass. Klaus had winced to show Josef how sorry he was that Herr Meier had done that to him. Klaus had been wearing the same uniform this boy did now. Struggling with distance learning? Seor Castillo was in charge of the boat. Ill see if I can find us a bus. Mahmoud and his mother and sister and brother walked the shopping street. However, Mahmoud decides to stand up for himself and his family. The people on board try to push them off, afraid they will capsize the fragile boat. Tears sprang to Josefs eyes. What do you think el norte will be like, Papi? Isabel asked. She trades her trumpet for gasoline in order to get the boat to start. For as long as he could remember, hed wanted this. A roar like a hot wind rising outside. We dont have any gasoline anyway, Ivn said. An irregular rhythm that lay over the top of the regular beat, like a heartbeat beneath the skin. "Mahmoud's mother broke down in tears, and his father let the life jackets he carried drop to the ground. He used her childhood nickname, like he always did. Disappear. But the Nazis had told them to get out of Germany twice now, and the Landau family wasnt going to wait around to see what the Nazis would do next. Josef felt his skin tingle. He howled louder than a fighter jet, and his parents didnt even tell him to hush. There was blood in his hair, and the area around one of his eyes was already turning black. Theres no service again. Mahmoud: Hungary 2015, 16 days from home, Hours pass without food or water, and Mahmoud and Youssef dont know where Waleed and, Mahmoud and Youssef line up, they pass another cell for women and children and find, be sent back to Serbia.